Group Project: Academic Insurance Model

Each group acts as an insurance company. You are required to offer an insurance policy to our entire current Health Economics class that insures against a student either getting a grade of ‘C' or lower (including ‘l' turning into ‘F) or withdrawing from the class towards the end of the semester. If either of those happen to a policy holder, you are required to pay that policy holder.You are NOT trying to make a profit, but what is important is that your group try its very best to avoid making a loss. Assume that there are no other costs associated with your business other than paying policy holders who make ‘C' or less or withdraw. Four different scenarios are offered below. Here's what you need to tell me for each (l would also like each group to orally present results to rest of class, don't need any more than 3 minutes): What is the premium that students will have to pay for the policy in this scenario?A brief Justification for the premium (a couple of sent ence is good enough. You can give me the math formula you used too – but don't JUST give me a math formula! ). A final couple of sentence (optional) if you believe that I have given you a situation where it is impossible to avoid making a loss, and why you think that. If you believe this, you may choose not to sell any policies under that scenario. In all cases, there are a total of 30 students who are your potential customers – I. E. Insurance policy buyers.Scenario l: You will be paying students who make ‘C' or less or withdraw the amount of $5000. I can give you this information – that when I teach the regular Master's level version of the class, approximately of all students make C or less, Incomplete that becomes F, or withdraw. Also, I will impose an individual mandate on the class, so that once you do offer the policy, every one of the 30 students will be required to buy this policy (but you only want to break even, no profits). What premium will yo u charge?Please note, in all scenarios you can only hare ONE premium to all customers, no variations allowed. Scenario II: All conditions in the above scenario hold (# of students, what you pay for C or less or withdraw, the individual mandate). However, one more thing is added. Students who get C or less or withdraw can then get tutoring to prepare them for retaking the class later. The tutoring costs $16 an hour, and the insurance policy now also has to pay 50% of each hour of tutoring (I. E. $8 per hour) up to a maximum of 40 hours. This is a new scheme, so I cannot tell you how many students have previously

Museum Experience

In trying to understand the museum experience one must be able to create a holistic approach.   This means creating an experience not based on a certain aspect alone but an encounter with someone or something with the full awareness of the impact it brings to an individual.   This paper seeks to discover the museum experience.   It seeks to answer questions that revolve around individuals with regards to how to experience the whole value a museum can offer.The first part of the paper seeks to explain the concept of museum experience. In appreciating the impact of experience a museum has to offer, one must first be able to understand its nature and concept.   One way of grasping the concept of museum experience is creating a model that will be used as a guideline of experience. The model is called Interactive Experience Model. We have found this model to be a useful framework within which to organize and interpret the wealth of research and information that make up the museum visitor literature, as well as relevant research from psychology, anthropology, and sociology.[1] The structure of the model are based on three sections; personal, social and physical. In the personal context, â€Å"each museum visitor's personal context is unique; it incorporates a variety of experiences and knowledge, including varying degrees of experience in and knowledge of the content and design of the museum.†[2]   The next context involves the social context.   Understanding the social context of the visit allows us to make sense of variations in behavior between, for example, adults in family groups and adults in adult groups, or children on school field trips and children visiting with their families.[3]   Lastly, â€Å"the museum is a physical setting that visitors, usually freely, choose to enter. The physical context includes the architecture and â€Å"feel† of the building, as well as the objects and artifacts contained within.[4] The Interactive E xperience Model suggests that all three contexts should contribute significantly to the museum experience, though not necessarily in equal proportion in all cases.[5] The model clearly attempts to have a holistic approach in determining the value of museum experience felt by an individual. Thus in museum experience, awareness must occur in the process of overall grasping of ideas and experiences felt.The next part of the paper seeks the idea of how museums communicate to an individual or groups. In the recent and changing times, the museums’ challenge is to be an institution that can showcase an effective way of exhibiting and showcasing ideas that can create a memorable and valuable experience. Another challenge for museum educators is that of giving proper scope to cultural diversity while acknowledging the impossibility of presenting a collection that is all-inclusive.[6] Creating museum communication means preparing a scenario will create a lasting effect to individuals. Learning is influenced by motivation and attitudes, by prior experience, by culture and background, and – especially in museums – by design and presentation and the physical setting. [7] Museum educators must be aware that individuals and groups learn in different ways.   Thus, it is important for a dynamic approach that will cater not to certain individuals but majority of the visitors.Each museum must develop its own philosophic commitment, its own pattern of effective education in a specific community.[8] Therefore museums communicate by means of its capabilities to foster effective communication and information needed by individuals or groups.   This is accomplished by giving emphasis to the way each exhibit is effectively arranged to suit the needs of every visitor.The next part seeks to describe the way museums connect to other people. In this process, the paper will look into the way a museums can create memories based from experiences. The idea of creating experiences in a museum can vary based on the perspectives that a visitor might use. Museums can use different strategies to catch the attention of visitors and create memories of the certain exhibit or object displayed.However, it must be pointed out that these situations vary since people regard an exhibit or display’s significance because of previous experience. Thus, the capability of a museum educator to create new ideas and schemes to attract, connect and impart knowledge among individuals and groups.Story-telling in galleries using paintings, drama using characters related to the collections, artmaking and scientific experimental workshops, writing poetry as a response to objects and reviewing classification systems, developing fashion shows based on costume collections, measuring and recording buildings inside and outside, mapping sites and grounds, talking and listening to museum staff, visiting the museum stores or laboratories – there is much good practice t o draw upon.[9] Other ideas and strategies might be explored in creating memories for visitors.Other museum educators say they seek to promote conversations with visitors, share understanding through personal interactions, promote fun and playful activity rather than a catalogue of facts, help visitors become responsible for their own learning and stimulate creativity and opportunities to learn through play.[10]The last part of the paper seeks to view the way museums take part in the learning process of individuals or group.   In determining this, one must first look into the way an object in a museum impart knowledge to the visitor thus facilitating the creation of learning.Objects can be particularly stimulating in relation to learning processes when handled and studied closely.[11] Another thing that a museum educator can do is to facilitate learning by means of letting the object be interpreted by the visitor itself. One important role of the education staff within the museum is to help visitors feel empowered to see and choose, to relate the works of art to their own search for meaning.[12] Thus it is important for the museum educator to arrange the objects in such a way that it will be conducive to learning and at the same time letting the visitor experience the object independently. Educational experience should experiences stimulate curiosity and imagination, while allowing the sheer pleasure and delight in looking.[13] In addition, the museum must be an environment conducive for learning.In order to facilitate learning, not only do the distracting characteristics of unfamiliar settings need to be overcome (both by making the environment friendly and inviting and by recognizing that visitors need time to orient themselves and need as much assistance as possible in doing so), but exhibitions also need to provide intellectual and cultural â€Å"hooks† that permit visitors to connect with the exhibitions.[14]To conclude, the paper highlighted the way museums interact with individuals and groups to facilitate learning and on the other hand create experiences to visitors. The paper also elaborated on the methods and strategies museums use to attract attention among visitors.   The ability of a museum as an institution to create avenue’s for learning among individuals and groups remain to be seen.   However, the amount of experience that a person absorbs still remains to be subjective. It is still left to the individual to create a holistic understanding and experience in a museum visit.BibliographyFalk, J.H. and L.D. Dierking. The Museum Experience. (Washington, D.C.:.WhalesbackBooks. 1992)Hein, George. Learning in the Museum (Museum Meanings). (New York: Routledge. 2001)Hooper-Greenhill, E. The Educational Role of the Museum, edited by E. Hooper-Greenhill,London: Routledge, 1994.Walsh-Piper, Kathleen. â€Å"Museum Education and Aesthetic Experience†. [online journal]Journal of Aesthetic Experience, vol. 28 no. 3 (Autumn 1994) accessed September 29,2007; available from http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0021-8510%28199423%2928%3A3%3C105%3AMEATAE%3E2.0.CO%3B2-TWittman, Otto. The Museum and its Role in Art Eucation. [online journal] Art Education,vol.19 no.2 (Feb. 1996) accessed September 29, 2007; available from http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0004-3125%28196602%2919%3A2%3C3%3ATMAIRI%3E2.0.CO%3B2-EZeller, Terry. Museum Education and School Art: Different Ends and Different Means.[online journal] Art Education, vol. 38 no. 3 (May 1985) accessed September 29,2007; available from http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0004-3125%28198505%2938%3A3%3C6%3AMEASAD%3E2.0.CO%3B2-U[1] Falk, J.H. and L.D. Dierking. The Museum Experience. (Washington, D.C.:.Whalesback   Books. 1992) p. 2[2] Ibid. [3] Ibid p. 3 [4] Ibid. [5] Ibid. p.7 [6] Walsh-Piper, Kathleen. â€Å"Museum Education and Aesthetic Experience†. [online journal]   Journal of Aesthetic Experience, vol. 28 no. 3 (Autumn 1994) p.109 [7 ] Hooper-Greenhill, E. The Educational Role of the Museum, edited by E. Hooper-Greenhill,   London: Routledge, 1994.) p.21 [8] Wittman, Otto. The Museum and its Role in Art Eucation. [online journal] Art Education, vol.19 no.2 (Feb. 1996) p. 6 [9] Hooper-Greenhill, E. The Educational Role of the Museum, edited by E. Hooper-Greenhill,   London: Routledge, 1994 p. 21 [10] Zeller, Terry. Museum Education and School Art: Different Ends and Different Means. [online journal] Art Education, vol. 38 no. 3 (May 1985) p. 8 [11] Hooper-Greenhill, E. The Educational Role of the Museum, edited by E. Hooper-Greenhill,   London: Routledge, 1994.) p.21 [12] Walsh-Piper, Kathleen. â€Å"Museum Education and Aesthetic Experience†. [online journal]   Journal of Aesthetic Experience, vol. 28 no. 3 (Autumn 1994) p. 109 [13] Ibid. p. 109 [14] Hein, George Learning in the Museum. New York: Routledge 2001 p.152

Greek and Roman Heroes

Brianne Keil HUM2210 October 15th, 2012 Interpretation Paper 2: The Warrior Hero We all envision certain types of qualities when considering what defines a hero: strength, agility, rock hard abs, and often, Brad Pitt. But throughout the Greek and Roman literature, we see different types of qualifications in the composition of their heroes. Obviously, both the Greeks and the Romans think that they define a true hero in their versions of Heroic Epics, but which one of these cultures actually proves that they have what makes the ultimate hero?With some further research into these societies and their literature, we see that their heroes really aren’t that different after all. In the Iliad, Homer targets the audience of Greek upper class men in order to spread some cultural propaganda to the nation. Homer captures audiences by using the hero of Achilles to show men what they should aim to be, and to show women what they should be looking for in a man. After the Dark Ages, Homer aim s to bring some positive light to the Greeks with his â€Å"Epic Heroes†, which leads to inspire more than just the Greek men of this time frame.Homer uses his words to encourage strength, creating what is known as the Greek Heroic Age, dating from 1200 to 750 BC. The Iliad becomes known as the warrior code of personal honor and glory, demonstrating the culture and the qualities Greek men should strive to achieve. Achilles, the epic’s hero, is an elegant gentleman who knows his destiny in life is to battle. Achilles makes it a strong point that the aim of every hero is to achieve honor, even if this honor is only reached in death. Achilles knows that he has two fates: to either live a long life with no fame attributed to him, or to die as a well-known warrior across his land.Achilles demonstrates to the male audience that honor can only sometimes be reached in battling to the death, an honor that is well worth sacrificing your life. In the Iliad, Achilles states, †Å"Man, supposing you and I, escaping this battle would be able to live on forever, ageless, immortal, so neither would I myself go on fighting in the foremost nor would I urge you into the fighting where men win glory. But now, seeing that the spirits of death stand close about us in their thousands, no man can turn aside nor escape them, let us go on and win glory or ourselves or yield it to others. † This statement proves Achilles deep desire within to reach glory for him, no matter what the cost. Even though Homer’s hero can only bestow honor alone, with his own actions, both Achilles and his enemy, Hector, strive to win the approval of the society as well. In a scene of the Iliad, Hector’s wife is urging, nearly begging, for him to sustain from battling. Hector replies with, â€Å"†¦ yet I would feel deep shame before the Trojans, and the Trojan women with trailing garments, if like a coward I were to shrink aside from the fighting. Hector’s resp onse demonstrates that not only does he have a duty to fulfill to the Trojans, but also to himself. By denying the fight with Achilles, Hector would be shameful to his society, but more importantly, to his own honor and glory. Homer displays a Greek hero as one with courage, honor, and personal glory that earns fame through the fights they conquer in their life. This description of a hero motivates many Greek men to step up to the plate and battle when the time comes, no matter what their risking along the way.A Greek Hero must be brave and fearless in the eyes of Homer, which leads to the perception of a hero to Greek citizens as a whole. The Roman’s, on the other hand, have a differing view of a hero, thanks to Virgil’s writing of the Aeneid. The Aeneid is an Epic History of Rome’s first ancestor, Aeneas. The original audience of this piece of literature is the broken and battered Trojans, who at the time (19 AD), were looking for some source of inspiration an d identity after being defeated by the Greek. The Aeneid demonstrates Pro-Rome propaganda, giving Romans something to believe in and aspire to be.It is said that Aeneas is the Hero that leads the Trojans after their defeat to Greece to a new land of prosperity. In the end, Aeneas slays Turnus due to his mission to provide the Roman’s with a new land to call â€Å"home. † Due to his strong will to complete his mission of reaching security, Aeneas is said to be the military Hero for Rome. Aeneas was â€Å"devoted to his mission†, and â€Å"chose the course heaven gave him†, leading to his title as an Epic Hero. Due to the cultural baggage the Trojans have after their humiliating defeat, the Aeneid is a much more emotional piece of literature, with â€Å"emotion in his heart†, when referring to Aeneas.Aeneas doesn’t just set an example for the Roman’s, he is inspirational to the entire population when things seemed to reach rock bottom. â€Å"Roman, remember by your strength to rule Earth’s peoples-†¦to pacify, to impose the rule of law, to spare the conquered, battle down the proud. †, Aeneas states in the Aeneid. By the end of the epic, the entire Roman audience feels that they themselves are the glorious conclusion of the story, not just Aeneas. He is idolized as the leader of a new found powerful legacy, in which includes each and every audience member. So now†¦the moment we’ve all been waiting for.Who takes the crown as the REAL epic hero? Well, it’s not that simple of a decision to make, even hundreds of years later. In some ways, the two heroes are very similar. But they also have contrasting qualities that make them unique to their culture. In Greece, the idea of personal honor and glory is highly emphasized, while the Roman Hero Aeneid is all about citizens coming together to reach power and prestige. The differing idealistic characteristics make sense from an outsider ’s view- the Greek had conquered the Trojans together, but only because of each individual warrior’s courage and bravery.In contrast, the Roman’s had just faced an embarrassing defeat, one which left the culture torn apart and most likely, depressed. Aeneid needed to create a positive morale among his people, which could only be restored by bringing everyone together to victory as one. The cultural baggage of each society lead to the way their heroes were presented. Even though the idealistic hero from a Greek society has more selfish attributes, Greek citizens would still appreciate Aeneid’s heroic acts, in my opinion.Whether Aeneid was fighting for his own glory, or for the glory of his people, he still slayed the enemy in order to reach his goal. The Greek audience would still hold Aeneid with high regards because in the end, he did battle for his destiny, and brought the Roman’s respect through his actions. Both cultures can appreciate the fact that both Achilles and Aeneid followed their destinies, battled for victory, and in the end, won fame because of their courage and dedication. While these motivations may have been pulled from different sources, both men were still able to bring glory upon themselves and the ones they fought for.Each of them held the true qualities of a warrior hero such as strength, endurance, and daring charisma, keeping them alive today, hundreds of years later. So, I hate to leave you hanging, but I guess the TRUE Epic Hero remains a mystery. After seeing what Achilles and Aeneid went through during battle, how can I choose which one is best? It’s so unfair! I think it’s safe to say that the Greeks will side with the self-determination of Achilles, while the Roman’s appreciate the inspiration Aeneid had to offer to them all.Either way, both of these men are considered warrior heroes to us all. Works Citied Dunkle, Roger. â€Å"The Classical Origins of Western Culture- ILIA D. † Brooklyn College Core Curriculum Series. Brookyln College, 1986. Web. 14 Oct. 2012. . SparkNotes Editors. â€Å"SparkNote on The Aeneid. † SparkNotes. com. SparkNotes LLC. 2002. Web. 2 Oct. 2012.

The Market Planning Guide Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Market Planning Guide - Assignment Example According to the research findings, this being a new company we are faced with many challenges in our daily operations. So much strain is put on the company’s budget through the process of advertising. People’s attitudes towards this product greatly affect the company’s performance. Most people are not flexible to experience new products but rather prefer using products they are accustomed to David. Competition from other companies is another issue to our company’s performance. Meeting each customers needs is not an easy task. Each individual has different tastes and preferences therefore, meeting all these preferences leads to enormous expenditure. Maintaining high and quality standards in product production has always been an issue for this company. Enjoying music all the time is the desire of every music lover therefore production of this type of head phones targets all those music lovers that had lost hope in listening to music over their phones during rainy season due to lack of head phone that could withstand water. At least 18 youths out of 20 use head phones for listening to music. Your age does not really matter. Due to its quality, we know that our customers will not regret in purchasing our products. Technology greatly influences our rate of production. The company is able to produce more products within a short period due to availability of highly improved machines. Technology has also helped in accessing the target market easily. This has been made possible through carrying out advertisements online. Customers are able to make their orders online on varieties that they are interested in. this technology has reduced the burden of meeting customers physically in the name of advertising. Our greatest competitor in this field is the iPhone Company. This company has posed so many challenges because it has had a long experience in the technological industry.

Usability Testing and Implementation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Usability Testing and Implementation - Essay Example e you only need to click home at the bottom of the current page instead of using back arrow on the top left side of the display screen (Barnum, 2010, p. 09). Such kind of pictures is immoral being that the family could find it difficult to discuss the information on the page together. With the intention to display private parts of human beings the web developer hinted that the information on the page best suites adults. However, this is contrary to the information on the page which contains both educative and informative information that would best fit the whole family (Barnum, 2010, p. 17). Considering the number /instances of such vulgar or weirder information that would create a rift between the discussion groups ion family, the number of informative information is above average hence such information that are irrelevant for the page should be removed from the site so that both parents and children could have un- education forum (Jacko, 2009, p. 43). Through the study of the web site (http://www.useit.com/jakob), I realized that most of the information in the site history is vulgar meaning that before a user uploads information they go through the available information to realize the trend so that they follow suit (Jacko, 2009, p. 15). However, the web developer should create some codes to restrict use of vulgar words unless you log in. Another option of solving this through creating user accounts so that private information could information. The good idea with the photo is that by clicking on it you could enlarge it to a wider view unlike the picture in the other two sites which could not be altered at all. Considering the web site (http://www.useit.com/jakob/, users) could be withdrawn from accessing information being that the web page is not designed in a welcoming manner, the font style and color shows unconcern hence users may tend to think that this is an up communing page while it entails a lot of information that would be of importance to

Evaluation of L-Proline as a Catalyst for an Asymmetric Aldol Reaction Lab Report

Evaluation of L-Proline as a Catalyst for an Asymmetric Aldol Reaction - Lab Report Example The product was then extracted with 10mL of ethyl acetate. Drying was done over MgSO4 . the separation of the drying agent was done via gravity filtration, whereas that of the solvent was done through rotary evaporation. The product was further taken through purification steps, which involved the use of flash chromatography using 50% petroleum ether/ 50% ethyl acetate as the eluting solvent. The fractions were then combined and the solvent eliminated via evaporation method. The massed of the obtained products were then recorded, and verification obtained. To conduct the Mosher analysis, 15mg of the Aldol product were dissolved in 0.9mL of anhydrous CH2Cl2 in a flame dried vial. 1.5mg of 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAO) followed by 15á ´ «L pyridine and MTPA-Cl were added. The solution was then sealed and allowed to react under nitrogen. After the reaction was complete, the isolation process followed. The crude reacrion was washed with 0.1 N HCL (0.5 mL), saturated bicarbonate solution (0.5 mL) and brine (0.5mL). The ratio of diastereomers by H-NMR was determined and enantiomeric excess of the Aldol reaction computed. From the analysis of the results obtained from the experimentation, it was clear that L-proline functions as a catalyst in a reaction involving Aldol. The product was further quantified by use of the Mosher ester approach. Consequently, a conclusion was drawn that L-proline functions as a catalyst in Aldol reactions. One of the powerful methods through which carbon-carbon bonds can be formed is through nucleophilic addition of an enolate to a carbonyl group. An example of the scenarios in which this principle has been applied is in the de novo generation of carbohydrates which results from the development of aldolase enzymes, which catalyze biological Aldol reactions. The ability of aldolases to produce enantiomeric product exclusively is a notable feature, difficult for the modern synthesis

Effective Assessment Strategy Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 9750 words

Effective Assessment Strategy - Dissertation Example nt of the new learner's linguistic proficiency level and in the subsequent placing of these learners in a class which corresponds to their level (Gottlieb, 2006). As a pre-entry level to basic ESOL tutor, I can confirm the imperatives of accurate assessment of individual learner levels. While conceding to the fact that differentiations in linguistic proficiency, areas of weakness, strengths and capacity to assimilate exist between any two learners, the tutor's capacity to design an effective Group Learning Plan (GLP), is largely dependant on the accuracy of the assessment tests. Quite simply stated, should assessment be inaccurate, resulting in some learners being placed in a higher level, they will not be able to follow the GLP and may not comprehend the tutor's in-class explanations and instructions. Samway (2006) confirms this last point and provides confirmatory empirical evidence which effectively illustrates that should initial assessment tests erroneously place ESOL students in a higher level, the student in question, not having the requisite linguistic proficiency skills to assimilate lectures and discussions or to comprehend the assig ned reading material, will simply not benefit. Consequently, it is absolutely imperative that initial assessment tests accurately reflect the new students linguistic and numeracy skill level. Bearing the import of initial assessment in mind, this research aims to determine whether or not Carshalton College, where I work, has an effective assessment strategy and constructively exploits assessment to promote the government's widening participation objective. In order to fulfil the above articulated objective, the research shall undertake the critical analysis and examination of a number of pertinent and interrelated issues.... In 1999, a committee chaired by Sir Claus Moser, investigated the linguistic, reading, writing, and maths skills’ deficiencies which confront numerous adults in England. The committee, publishing its findings in a report entitled Fresh Start, clarified all of the scope, extent and range of the problem and, more importantly, sought the identification of the means and ways by which this problem may be confronted. Among the report’s key findings were: †¢ Approximately 7 million adults across England do not have the reading, writing and English language skills of an 11 year old and an even greater number lacked basic maths skills (A Fresh Start, 1999). †¢ Approximately half a million adults across England, referred to as ESOL learners, have difficulties comprehending and speaking English because it is not their first language (A Fresh Start, 1999). †¢ People with lower levels of linguistic, numeracy and literacy skills tend to be unemployed or, if employed, earn very low incomes. More importantly, their opportunities for improving their livelihood are severely limited by their linguistic, numeracy and literacy skills (A Fresh Start, 1999). †¢ People with lower levels of linguistic, numeracy and literacy skills are vulnerable to ill-health and mental problems. In addition, they are socially marginalised (A Fresh Start, 1999). The government responded to the Moser report through the articulation of a national strategy whose key goal was the extension of the requisite help for adults who needed to improve their English language, reading, writing and maths skills was launched.

What are Some Main Problems the U.S. Faced during Reconstruction Assignment

What are Some Main Problems the U.S. Faced during Reconstruction - Assignment Example The whites were not ready to treat Africans as equals; they, therefore, went ahead to form groups like the famous Ku Klux Clan among others. These groups were used to threaten blacks, warn them not to vote, and later on turned violent on them. This kind of treatment was an indication that the whites in the south were not ready to live with blacks. They, therefore, came up with a law that allowed segregation (Stampp, 136). The federal government had to craft ways of dealing with this problem by setting up Freedmen`s Bureau to support blacks escaping from the south. Abraham Lincoln`s plan to pardon the southern states which seceded was opposed by Congress, who wanted these nations to be punished. The idea behind his plan was that these nations were to be pardoned if they took an oath of allegiance to the United States and if they also create a new government that guaranteed the end of the slave trade. After the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, a group in the Congress known as Radicals Republicans did not allow the southern senators and representatives to join the Congress (Stampp, 301). And they also came up with their own reconstruction act that made it difficult for these nations to be accepted back to the Congress. The compromise of 1877 did not just bring reconstruction to an end, but it also birthed many things. The first of which was to allow Hayes who was a Republican become president, this was also a way that was used to solved elections dispute and also allowed the withdrawal of the remaining federal troops from the south (Stampp, 217). And after Hayes was sworn in as the 19th president of the United States, he immediately ordered the remaining federal troops to be withdrawn from South Carolina and Louisiana. Hayes also came up with plans for election reforms and committed himself to bring the differences between the North and South to an end. Afterward, the Democratic Party was given freedom in the South. Even though many people look at the compromise as a positive thing, the former slaves did no, to them this decision was taking them back to slavery. This is because during reconstruction they became free and also attained both social and political rights.  

CIS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CIS - Essay Example These features are what connect people as social beings. It is through real conversation that one can express their real emotions and people can be able to express their deep concern. It is a sad state that this new technologies are converting people into asocial beings. Teenagers subscribe to unlimited texts and are always on the phone even when having real conversation with people around them. It is not possible to concentrate on one’s phone and at the same time maintain eye contact with the person one is conversing with. This passes as a rude kind of behavior making the other person feel less appreciated and has ruined our relationship with people around us (Turkle 2013). It is thus possible to stay connected with other people through texts, tweets, FaceBook but at the same time be alienated from people around us. It follows that during conversation, no one really listens to the other causing a disconnection. What is even more scaring is the fact that people do not even get time to be alone. We are always bombarded by emails, text or even tweets during working hours, during our free time and even at night. The exchange of information never stops. This then implies that people never really get time to reflect on their own life and meditate. It has become even more difficult for people to create their own identity as our actions are shaped by these electronic means of communication (Turkle 2013). It is feared that in the end, we will have a world full of people with identical behavior and way of thinking and this blocks creativity and development in general. From this talk, it can be seen that in the near future, people will not be able to make simple personal real life conversation and this will have unimaginable consequences on our social structure. Staying connected has had its advantages in ensuring immediacy of information which has promoted businesses and other operation. Life has become very fast. This situation is scaring and measures need to

Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 15

Art - Essay Example Thus, even if they might have been made for different purposes, at least they had similar essences because it is the same Egyptians who were using it as an important sculpture in their society. Khafre Enthroned refers to funerary statue of Pharaoh Khafre who is believed to have ruled Egypt between the years 2520 and 2570. Currently, it is exhibited in the Museum in Cairo, Egypt. It was made using gneiss rock which is closely related to diorite rocks, a valuable, dark extremely hard material that was mined 4000 miles at the royal quarries along the River Nile. The use of such a precious material in the production of this statue was necessary because it equated Khafre’s influences and authority as an Ancient Egyptian Pharaoh. This statue played a very significant role in Egypt: acting as Pharaoh Ka’s sub statue; and as a sign of peace. This explains why it still plays a significant role in the life of the Egyptians today. Great Sphinx of Giza (Sphinx) which can be literally translated as the father of the dead or a terrifying one is a statue located in Giza Plateau, at the banks of River Nile, Egypt. It was made between the years c. 2558–2532Â  BC during the time when Egypt was under the leadership of Pharaoh Khafra. Just like Khafre Enthroned, this statue has a significant role to play in the lives of the Egyptians. However, the 241Â  ft long, 63Â  ft wide, and 66.34Â  ft high statue depicts an image of a mystical creature which has got a human head and a lion’s body. Thus, it stands as the largest monolithic statue in the entire globe. For this reason, it has had different interpretations especially in the contemporary society. Whereas the London Imperial College’s Surgeon Huan Ashrafian associates it to a depiction of a person suffering from a disease in disease with lion-like conditions, it has been linked to the solar worship that was so prominent amongst the Ancient Egy ptians. This is so because the image of lion has been synonymous with the

The importance of authenticity in cultural tourism Essay

The importance of authenticity in cultural tourism - Essay Example The danger posed by cultural tourism is that culture may be lost. This is because the culture of the tourists and the culture of the natives may become intermingled, and there is no authenticity left. According to the view of those who coin the term â€Å"hyper-reality,† the result is that the distinction between inauthenticity and authenticity are collapsed. Therefore, authenticity is lost, and redefined according to a new paradigm that includes the mixing of tourist culture. This is obviously detrimental to the native populations, whose culture and rituals have been passed down from one generation to the next, and have a profound interest in keeping their culture alive. Another danger is that native people may be exploited through inauthentic cultural shows. A good example of this is the Maasai people who were on display at a Kenyan ranch owned by a wealthy Briton. The Maasai people put on a show for the wealthy visitors, and lived in mud huts on the property. They were not allowed to interact, and they were treated as one might treat animals in the zoo – strictly for display and entertainment. While the wealthy British people who viewed this spectacle politely clap, the Maasai are being stereotyped and humiliated. This is clearly the wrong way to go about cultural tourism. On the other hand, interactive experiences, where tourists immerse themselves in native culture, is authentic and allows natives to display their culture with pride. Other authentic displays of native rituals, such as the Balinese, who perform rituals not for the entertainment of the people but for the worship of their gods, is another good way for the natives to retain th eir culture while teaching tourists about the same. This paper will explore the theories behind cultural displays, why authenticity is important, what obstacles there are to authenticity, and will make a recommendation based on these findings. A theoretical discussion of authenticity and culture in tourism Authenticity in culture tourism takes place on a variety of planes and is impacted by a variety of things. Wang et al. (1999) posits that authenticity in cultural tourism is complex. The reason for the complexity is because authenticity may be either defined as objective, constructive or existential. Objective authenticity comes from the ability to judge authenticity in an objective manner. Therefore, even if the tourists feel that something is authentic, it may nevertheless be inauthentic if it is objectively judged to be so. Constructive authenticity, on the other hand, means that objects are judged to be authentic by shifting standards, according to power structures, points of view, beliefs or perspectives. Therefore, constructive authenticity cannot be objectively measured, as it is a relative standard, contextually determined and ever-evolving (Wang et al., 1999, p. 351). Moreover, cultural heritage may be politicized, in that heritage may defined or re-defined to serve national needs. Such is the case in China, and this contributes to constructive authenticity as well (Sofield & Li, 1998, p. 364). The third way that authenticity is defined, according to Wang et al. (1999) is existentially. This means that the person feels self-actualized while viewing these cultural items, and, basically, the

Globalization of Technology Essay Example for Free

Globalization of Technology Essay Politics Technology enables and even promotes changes in every aspect of our lives. Through the years it has changed what and how we eat (the microwave), how and where we work (the internet), how we are entertained, and even how we keep in touch with friends and family. And though many people may notice these types of quick advances of technology, many may not notice how technological advances have tied into changes in politics and the way they have been run. †¢The power of mass images has really become a major influence on politics as a product of a increasing technology. In the 1960’s, images of wealth in the west eventually exposed the weakness of the communist regime running the old Soviet bloc. There is the story Nikita Khrushchev narrating a film of Harlem in the 1960’s to demonstrate poverty in America. Instead, his poor, struggling citizens focused on the nylons hanging on backyard clothes lines and the number of fine autos in the street, and saw wealth rather than poverty. Today, the pictures from Iran appear in graphic detail on our televisions. The power of the mass media has made it more difficult for the state to wall off the outside world. †¢The television has been used to promote politics through commercial advertisement since the Dwight D. Eisenhower campaign in 1952. That was over 50 years ago. It has been used to broadcast presidential debates since the Kennedy vs Nixon Great Debate in 1960 which was exactly 50 years ago. However, nothing is like the way the television is used today. †¢The most recent Presidential campaign, in 2008, showed how fundraising is being impacted. President Obama raised a record breaking 600 million dollars in contributions during his run up to the election. Of that 600 that Obama received, 500 million came from the internet and through public financing through the internet. He ran as fierce an internet campaign as he did his television and radio campaigns. Later the same young people who followed Obamas every move online, turned out to vote. †¢Is technology damaging politics? †¢For example, you can argue that because there are dozens of news channels. Campaigns are now much more media run. The media decides what is news worthy (which as of the past few years has been whatever gets ratings), interprets the meaning of events for its viewers, and manipulates the decision making process of its viewers. †¢Can technology be damaging to political candidates themselves? †¢Political videos of nearly every 2008 presidential candidates can be found on YouTube. In many of the posted videos, candidates are engaged in old speeches, contradicting their current political positions. †¢Also, since the election, the internet seems to have gone from President Obamas best friend, to his greatest political enemy. Some of the most controversial legislation in US history is being introduced and posted online for all Americans to see, online commentators who once supported Obama are continuously pointing out unfilled promises. Economy and Social Relations Technological progress is the key to offering future populations the potential for improved standards of living. Technical change enables firms to combine inputs in a novel manner to produce existing products more cheaply and to develop new products to meet consumer needs. Economists and other social scientists pretty much agree that technological change is the most important contributor to economic growth in the modern era and it is estimated that more than half of the country’s long-run growth is can be attributed to technological change. †¢A prime example of technology based increases in productivity comes from the field of agriculture. Until at least the 17th century, about 90% of the population was directly involved in agriculture. In the United States, the farm population was 44% of the total population as recently as 1880. Currently, the U.S. farm population is about 2% of the total population. But over that same period, total production from farms has more than doubled. The increase in productivity is correlated with several technological innovations in the field of farming. The innovations include the widespread use of farm chemicals (fertilizers, pesticides), and farming equipment. Thus, the tremendous increase in farm productivity is seen as a direct result of the technological advances that were made in the field. †¢Technological change in production processes like that often reduces the amount of labor and other resources needed to produce a unit of output. This is good on one hand because it reduces the cost of production for products but on the other, it also results in a loss of jobs in the short-r un. The long-run is a different story though. By reducing the cost of production you thereby are lowering the price of a particular good in a competitive market, which then frequently leads to a greater demand for that good. And a greater output demand results in increased production, which requires more labor, and offsets the effects of losing jobs in the short-run. †¢Along with production technology, constant improvements of transportation and communications technologies have also had major impacts on today’s economy. Previously, physical and human resources moved around the world by means of land, sea, and air transportation. Now, with data serving as a basic resource and digital communications the means of transport, financial capital is moving throughout the world at nearly the speed of light. †¢How has technology negatively affected the economy? †¢One challenge that technology has brought about to the new global economy comes from the new wave of outsourcing. As a concept its not new. Companies have chased cheap labor around the globe for decades, making cars in Mexico, plastic toys in Taiwan and shirts in Malaysia. But in the past couple of years, the debate over outsourcing has intensified as technology companies reduce costs by sending technical support, software development, quality assurance and other functions offshore. A few years ago this idea would have been impossible. The world mostly turned to its technology leaders, companies such as Microsoft Corp. for example, when it needed software. But with the growth of broadband Internet connections and e-mail, technical support staff and software developers can respond to questions with the same speed in Bangalore, India, as they do in Bellevue. And they can do it at a fraction of the cost. †¢Of course this comes at the expense of not only lower class and low skilled workers in the U.S., but even in the middle classes, there are plenty of jobs that are now outsourced.. Again, inability to find work means inability to purchase homes, spend money, and profit companies. When people don’t buy, corporations that produce things don’t make money, which can thus â€Å"trickle down† to fewer jobs available and a greater desire to outsource to make things more cheaply so they will be more attractive to consumers. †¢Those supporting outsourcing say that lowering expenses of corporations will create jobs. There are plenty of government agencies that outsource some of their work, saving them millions of dollars, a direct effect on the US economy and on federal spending. A common theory contends that being able to pay people lower wages for work means that companies will be able to produce things with less expense and transfer this saving to consumers. Lower prices may mean more consumer spending, and companies will be able to hire more workers in the US because they’re paying less for workers outside of it. †¢Further, many argue that giving jobs to workers in less developed countries improves those countries economically and increases trade for US products. It also increases a country’s ability to pay back debts to the US, and may promote better political relationships. Companies economically benefit by selling their products in other countries. This means they can hire more people in the US and lower their prices on products for US consumers.

Personalisation in cases of abuse and vulnerability

Personalisation in cases of abuse and vulnerability Personalisation is a new government strategy which has been set up to support service users who need support or care from adult social care. This policy is a new approach in supporting disabled people to enable them to lead more independent lives and exercise choice and control over the services they receive (Social Care Institute for Excellence, 2010). The overall aim is for service users to have control over how money is allocated to their care is spent, this includes direct payments, individual budgets, personal budgets, user led services, self directed support. As well as, support brokerage which would involve professionals from the wider fields of healthcare, including occupational therapists, and non professionals to provide advice and support for them (Mandelstam, 2010). A personal health budget will enable a service user to decide how to use the money that the National Health Service has allocated to them for their care needs. It could just be a discussion with a doctor or other health care professionals, such as a care manager about the different ways the money could be spent on a care plan, or alternatively patients will be able to receive a cash payment to allow them to buy the care which has been agreed in the plan themselves (Stobbs, 2010). The Department of Health (2007a) also state that this is a move away from the traditional welfare system to a more consumer type model of service provision which in turn will improve the quality of peoples lives. Although elements of this new policy are not legally defined, service users will be fully involved in accessing their own needs by having a personal budget by means of a direct payment, which in turn gives them control of the money. Lymbery (2010) argues that there appears to be little recognition of the complexities and contradictions which characterize some areas of the policy, as well as having in inadequate resources bases for adult social care. However, Dunning (2009) suggests that as the personalisation agenda advances the role of advocacy and support brokerage will be of increasing importance. However as Mandlestam (2010) argues that brokers need not be local authority employees or even professionals, which can place individuals at risk. If personalisation is to achieve its core aims, it will be essential that those accessing individual budgets can refer to sources of advice and support. Councils will also have to strike the right balance between giving people the freedom to choose their own care and protecting clients and their budgets from abuse. In addition, Mandelstam (2010) also believes that professionals will benefit from moving away from financial gate-keeping to that of brokerage and advocacy. Duffy Gillespie (2009) discuss in their report that there appears to be some conflict between personalisation and safeguarding. The conflict has arisen through people thinking that that the ideas linked to the term personalisation and those linked to the term safeguarding is that this conflict is more likely to be a deep misunderstanding about both ideas rather than conflict. They have identified these misunderstandings around personalisation and safeguarding as; the goal for personalisation is freedom from control, not safety; the practice of personalisation is less concerned with the reduction of risk; and the rules and systems required for personalisation will increase risk. Although Pitt (2010) states that safeguarding and personalisation are seen as two sides of the same coin. Also, they discuss the procedure with regard to the complex cases of vulnerability and abuse where careful risk management and person centred practice is required. Self-Directed Support is enshrined within the personalisation policy and states that before any individual receives any support services, six vital checks for risk are to be completed which are; First Contact, Assessment, Capacity Test, Support Planning, Plan Review and Sign-Off Outcome Review. As well as this, Self-directed support is very flexible and holds a number of tools which make it easier to solve complex cases. Resources are targeted at outcomes as this identifies the right level of funding applicable to the particular situation and needs of the individual. High quality planning; which commands that the social worker/occupational therapist identifies the best approach for the individual. Risk assessment; especially where abuse is suspected or criminal measures might become necessary, police may play an integral p art to the final decision on the balance of risk. Appropriate control,; self directed support puts control of the funding into the hands of the appropriate person, such as a carer or a professional. Appropriate support; local authorities have to ensure that individuals can receive the help to manage their support that being traditional services, new or systems of peer support. Flexible resources; should be used creatively to support individuals and finally Outcome review; is essential which plays an integral part of the risk management process for the local authority. However, as Mandelstam (2010) points out personalisation may not always work for vulnerable adults who are unable to express choices, unless they are adequately supported. Shortages of resources in some local authorities could threaten the availability of the vital support which is needed for individuals, and therefore for this system to work it is not to be seen as a cost cutting measure. Duffy Gillespie (2010) report that there is a misconceived idea that personalisation is simply about freedom and treating safeguarding as it is simply about control is wrong and to enable a person to have a good life balance you have to balance between freedom and control. Safety is one of the key goals in personalisation as control can be personalised because designing support arrangements need to be tailored to fit the person and need be justified with regard for their capacity, effectiveness and proportionality. They also state that control does not guarantee safety, for example the current community care system is poor in providing individuals to exercise freedom and control. Individuals who need support often find they have little or no choice over the support they can receive as most social care services struggle to provide personalised support due to bureaucracy that surrounds them. This in turn can create dependency or frustration which can easily place individuals at greater risk. The idea that personalisation may increase the risk of abuse in some way has been suggested by many professionals (Lymbery,2010. Duffy Gillespie (2009) argue that personalisation is committed to improving safety as integral part of promoting well-being and enhancing citizenship along with offering techniques and approaches such as self-directed support which provides the framework for minimising the risk of harm and protecting vulnerable people from abuse. Personalisation is about designing support arrangements so they are more personal to the service user. McGauran (2010) points out in her report that occupational therapists are placed well within the personalisation agenda as they are the only allied health professional who are widely employed throughout social and health care sectors. Personalisation is congruent to the philosophy of occupational therapy as the heart of its practice is to be client centred, and therefore occupational therapists need to seize these opportunities to pilot new ways of delivering this service which would be of benefit to the clients and enhance professional practice. An example of this can be seen when an individual is given choice and control of a personal budget to purchase personal or nursing care for an older adult, then it would give the individual personal control over how, when and by whom the care or equipment should be provided. This philosophy is embraced with the College of Occupational Therapists Code of Ethics that occupational therapists shall at all times recognise, respect and uphold the autonomy of clients, and advocate client choice. (College of Occupational Therapists 2005, p.2.1). Social Care Institute for Excellence (2010) agree that occupational therapists are skilled in finding and tailoring individual solutions for people in different care settings and aim to improve the quality of life, as well as a facilitator of learning needs and can work collaboratively with people who use services, their carers, families, friends and other social care and health professionals to co-design and co-produce care and support. Social Care Institute for Excellence (2010) believes also that by introducing this new agenda it will allow service users to become empowered and enable them to design the support packages for themselves or choose how they want to live. This in turn will enable service users to feel that are being supported in staying well and ensure that they have access to public services. This approach undoubtedly has the potential to improve the quality of peoples lives and give occupational therapists the opportunity to use their skills and expertise. Over 70 health projects have been chosen by the Department of Health across England to pilot personal health budgets and a formal evaluation has been carried out by the Department of Health (Department of Health, 2009). Evidence suggests that although it was popular with younger disabled people, many of the older age service users found they were put off by the complexities of the scheme, especially around issues of becoming an employer if they needed to appoint paying carers (McGauran, 2010). As Mandelstem (2010) points out there is some confusion in the legislation in the personalisation agenda as there is no new legislation or detailed statutory guidance to support this. The Department of Health have set up a toolkit that fits personalisation into legislation but it is inadequate and contains errors. Therefore suggesting that there could be risks involved in the transformation of social care. What is apparent from evidence on pilot studies is very early to say what the full impact of personal budgets will be on occupational therapy staff and other professionals, and that it is most likely that developments of personal health budgets need to significantly change cultural values throughout the National Health Service (Stobbs, 2010). Personalisation in social care does have potential benefits in giving service users choice and control over their care services. Although there is no doubt that it does have some potential pitfalls. What can be recognised from this new approach is that safeguarding is essential to all service users especially complex cases where careful risk management and person centred practice are essential. However, personalisation is in its infancy stage and a lot more debate is needed around this new policy for service users to feel confident in new transformation of our healthcare system. Equally, this can be seen as an excellent opportunity for occupational therapists to demonstrate that they are well equipped to take the lead in this personalised agenda as it sits well in the role of their profession.

Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Effectiveness

Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Effectiveness Contemporary organizations are faced with demands and pressures of ever expanding magnitude that the quest for effective leadership continues to intrigue educators, researchers, and practitioners. In this context, the present paper focuses on the importance of emotional intelligence (EI) in relation to leadership effectiveness. A significant amount of research and attention has been given to identifying relationships between emotional and social intelligence regarding, life satisfaction, personality, social relationships, team performance, education and leadership. Today, in light of the increasingly complex and changing world, researchers have highlighted the need for a new leadership approach. Through research in the area of personal-best experiences, Kouzes and Posners five identified leadership practices, which were identified through studies associated with the stories of leaders who were able to get extraordinary things done in their organizations Underlying Kouzes and Posners Model is the leaders ability to generate, encourage, and promote healthy, reciprocal, and collaborative relationships. This interpersonal or relational aspect of leadership has recently been connected to the emotional intelligence constructs that have gained popularity in recent decades. Emotional intelligence skills provide developing leaders with an increased understanding of the impacts of emotions within a team or organization. Caruso and Salovey demonstrated the advantages EI has with respect to six common challenges in leadership: (a) building effective teams, (b) planning and deciding effectively, (c) motivating people, (d) communicating a vision, (e) promoting change, and (f) creating effective interpersonal relationships. This paper ends by highlighting the impact of Emotional Intelligence in the leadership style of resonant and dissonant leaders. Introduction Contemporary organizations are faced with demands and pressures of ever expanding magnitude that the quest for effective leadership continues to intrigue educators, researchers, and practitioners. Goleman, Boyatzis, and McKee (2002) explained that, leaders everywhere confront a set of irrevocable imperatives, changing realities driven by profound social, political, economic, and technological changes. During these changing times, it is most important for organizational leaders to stay attuned to their own emotional reactions to pressures, as well as how those environmental pressures affect their constituents. Hence todays organizations need a transformational change, calling for new leadership. In this context, the present paper focuses on the importance of emotional intelligence (EI) in relation to leadership effectiveness. EI Research The concept of emotional intelligence has gained popularity in recent decades; however, the characteristics and concepts associated with EI are rooted in research conducted throughout the twentieth century. Earlier works identified competencies, other than general intelligence, that contributed to life success. Thorndike (1937) reported the concept of social intelligence. Wechsler (1940) fought for the addition of non-intellective aspects as a measure of general intelligence. Likewise, Leeper (1948) purported that emotional thought should be considered when reviewing the concept of logical thought. However, it was not until the 1980s that the current concepts related to emotional intelligence started to emerge. Gardner (1983) shared a theory of multiple intelligences that encouraged researchers to step outside the notion that human beings are confined to a singular or plural view of intelligence. Gardner purported that there were five more intelligences that were equally important to collective human intelligence: musical intelligence, spatial intelligence, bodily-kinesthetic intelligence, interpersonal intelligence, and intrapersonal intelligence. Within these multiple levels of human development or intelligences, a movement evolved that expanded two particular areas of Gardners approach (i.e., interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligences). According to Bar-On (2002), several researchers expanded Gardners interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligences into six primary components of emotional intelligence: emotional self-awareness, assertiveness, empathy, interpersonal relationship, stress tolerance, and impulse control. Researchers generally agree that EI addresses ones ability to identify, interpret, and control his or her own emotions, as well as stay in tune with, understand, and relate to the emotions of groups and individuals (Goleman et al., 2002; Bar-On, 2002; Mayer Salovey, 1993). Additionally, EI stems from ones ability to utilize emotional information to appropriately solve problems and make environmentally savvy decisions. In the last two decades of the 20th century and more recently in the 21st century, a significant amount of research and attention has been given to identifying relationships between emotional and social intelligence regarding, life satisfaction (Palmer, Donaldson, Stough, 2002), personality (Higgs Rowland, 2001; Schulte, Ree, Carretta, 2004), social relationships (Lopes, Salovey, Straus, 2003; Massey, 2002), team performance (Rapisarda, 2002), education (Jaeger, 2003; Zeidner, Roberts, Matthews, 2002), outdoor leadership training (Thompson, 2004) and leadership (Goleman, 1998, 2001; Dulewicz Higgs, 2003; Cherniss Goleman, 2001). Leadership Theory Historically, social changes have been charted, coordinated, and led by a few leaders who had the ability to energize and motivate constituents or community members to stand tall, shed fears, and push forward the need for change. Today, in light of the increasingly complex and changing world, researchers have highlighted the need for a new leadership approach (Yukl Lepsinger, 2004; Kouzes Posner, 2002; Goleman, Boyatzis, McKee, 2002). Though researchers have been studying leadership and leadership development since the days of Aristotle and Plato (Leonard, 2003), the study of leadership has been plagued with an overabundance of theories with little common direction (Chemers, 1993; Northhouse, 1997; Day, 2001). Chemers (2000) conducted a historical overview and analysis of leadership theories and concluded that common findings in leadership studies have led to the following three tasks that leaders must achieve to be effective: (a) establish the legitimacy of their authority, (b) coach, guide, and support their constituents in ways that allow for both group and individual goal attainment, and (c) identify and employ the strengths and abilities found in themselves, as well as their constituents, to accomplish the organizational mission. Astin and Astin (2000) called for a leader who can be adaptive and promote creative solutions to modern societal problems. They further explained that to cope effectively and creatively with these emerging national and world trends, future leaders will not only need to possess new knowledge and skills, but will also be called upon to display a high level of emotional and spiritual wisdom and maturity. Hence, there is little doubt that our turbulent world requires a new perspective on leadership (Komives, Lucas, McMahon, 1998). Through research in the area of personal-best experiences, Kouzes and Posners five identified leadership practices, which were identified through studies associated with the stories of leaders who were able to get extraordinary things done in their organizations (Kouzes Posner, 2002). These leadership practices include Modeling the Way, Inspiring a Shared Vision, Challenging the Process, Enabling Others to Act, and Encouraging the Heart. Relational Leadership: Five Practices of Exemplary Leaders Effective leadership is about creating reciprocal relationships between the leader and followers, subordinates, or constituents that in turn creates the foundation for organizational and group success (Bass, 1985; Chemers, 1993; Komives, Lucas, McMahon, 1998; Kouzes Posner, 2003; Potter, Rosenbach Pittman, 2001). The Kouzes and Posners Five Practices of Exemplary Leadership Model has been noted for its contributions to the Relational Leadership paradigm (Komives, Lucas, McMahon, 1998; Endress, 2000; Berg, 2003). Kouzes and Posner (1987) conducted research in the area of personal best leadership experiences. They developed a Personal-Best Leadership Experience questionnaire, asked thousands of managers to complete the questionnaire, and conducted many follow-up interviews to gather additional information. The personal-best questionnaire asked managers to pick a project, program, or event that they characterized as their personal-best leadership experience. After analyzing the data collected from questionnaires and interviews, Kouzes and Posner found that despite the variety in situations and types of leadership experiences, similar patterns were identified related to actions taken by the leaders during the experience. Through the analysis process they identified Five Practices of Exemplary Le adership that contributed to getting extraordinary things done in organizations: Modeling the Way Inspiring a Shared Vision Challenging the Process Enabling Others to Act and (e) Encouraging the Heart. The first practice is Modeling the Way, in which leaders role model the behaviors they want the see in their constituents. Through action and involvement, leaders earn the right to lead and the respect of their followers. The second leadership practice is Inspiring a Shared Vision. This is when the leader imagines what the organization could be and then creates a vision that is attainable and attractive. The leader connects this new vision to the hopes and dreams of his or her constituents to generate passion and enthusiasm for realizing the vision. The third leadership practice is Challenging the Process. Exemplary leaders are pioneers who know that innovation and change involves experimentation, risk, and failure. A leader understands that change can feel uncomfortable and then builds constituent confidence by pursuing change incrementally and by accomplishing small victories. The fourth leadership practice involves Enabling Others to Act. Successful leaders understand that leadership is a team effort and are not afraid to share the leadership process. Leaders foster collaboration and build trust by supporting and encouraging their constituents to do good work. Leaders who are able to build trusting and collaborative relationships find that their constituents are higher performers and even exceed their own personal expectations. Finally, exemplary leaders Encourage the Hearts of their constituents to help them carry on in the face of challenge, frustration, and discouragement. Leaders know that celebrations and rituals, when done with authenticity and from the heart, build a strong sense of collective identity and community spirit that can carry a group through extraordinarily tough times. Relational Leadership and EI Underlying Kouzes and Posners Model of Exemplary Leadership Practices is the leaders ability to generate, encourage, and promote healthy, reciprocal, and collaborative relationships. This interpersonal or relational aspect of leadership has recently been connected to the emotional intelligence constructs that have gained popularity in recent decades (Mayer Salovey, 1997; Bar-On, 2002; Goleman, 1995). Researchers agree that there is considerable overlap between relational leadership and EI competencies in both content analysis and empirical evidence (Higgs, 2002; Dulewicz Higgs, 2003). Goleman (1998) made connections between emotional intelligence and leadership practices in which he boldly claimed that highly emotionally intelligent leaders and work teams contribute significantly to the overall success and bottom line of the organization. Goleman, et al. (2002), when talking about building a culture of change in an organization, assert the following: Emotionally intelligent leaders know how to manage their disruptive emotions so that they can keep their focus, thinking clearly under pressure. They do not wait for crisis to catalyze a need for change; they stay flexible, adapting to new realities ahead of the pack rather than just reacting to the crisis of the day. Even in the midst of vast change, they can see their way to a brighter future, communicate a vision with resonance, and lead the way. Positive emotional leadership is a necessity in times of chaos and change because constituents closely examine and then emulate or mirror their leaders behaviors and actions (Goleman, Boyatzis, McKee, 2002). In other words, constituents, either consciously or unconsciously, react to a leaders verbal and non-verbal responses to a specific crisis or challenge (Caruso Salovey, 2004). Dulewicz and Higgs (2003), identified common EI elements that have been linked to effective leadership characteristics: (a) self-awareness, (b) emotional resilience, (c) motivation, (d) interpersonal sensitivity, (e) influence, (f) intuitiveness, and (g) conscientiousness and integrity. Ultimately, leadership is a social and emotional process, and effective leaders are able to harness those social and emotional ties to successfully pilot organizations through chaos and rapid change. EI and Leadership Challenges Emotional intelligence skills provide developing leaders with an increased understanding of the impacts of emotions within a team or organization. Caruso and Salovey (2004) demonstrated the advantages EI has with respect to six common challenges in leadership: (a) building effective teams, (b) planning and deciding effectively, (c) motivating people, (d) communicating a vision, (e) promoting change, and (f) creating effective interpersonal relationships. Throughout Caruso and Saloveys descriptions of the six challenges, they cited a connection with Kouzes and Posners Effective Leadership Practices Model. 1. Building effective teams The first challenge was building an effective team. Caruso and Salovey discussed the need for clarifying personal values before attempting to formulate team values. Like Kouzes and Posners model, Caruso and Salovey explained that leaders must identify their own values before clarifying team values. A significant level of trust is important for leading teams, and a leader must generate positive opportunities for meaningful team communication and interaction. Additionally, a leader must have significant self-confidence to give team members credit for accomplishments and not blame them when shortfalls occur. 2. Planning and deciding effectively Caruso and Salovey went on to explain that even though planning and decision-making can seem cognitive and practical, emotions contribute significantly to these activities. Emotionally intelligent leaders possess the ability to remain flexible and open to other alternatives. Additionally, EI leaders take into account how their team members may react to a decision, and then attempt to make decisions that will fit in with the shared values of the team. In the end, this type of flexible decision-making will contribute to the successful implementation of the decision. 3. Motivating people Every leader at one point or another is faced with the question of how to motivate a team. Caruso and Salovey cited Kouzes and Posners (2002) encouraging the heart model as a significant contribution to motivating a team. When a leader expresses appreciation for the accomplishments of team members, they are in many ways providing that added incentive for future successes. Caruso and Salovey also explained that it is important for a leader to celebrate team member successes without promoting or encouraging envy throughout the team. 4. Communicating a vision Furthermore, communication is among the most difficult challenges to leadership. EI leaders base their communication efforts on delivering a message [they] want to deliver and delivering it in such a way that is heard and understood by others. Communication also entails a leaders vision for the future. Caruso and Salovey emphasized that because an EI leader has the ability to understand and empathize with group feelings, he or she will be successful in encouraging team members to buy into their vision of the future. 5. Promoting change In light of rapid worldly changes, a leaders ability to facilitate and encourage change has been a hot topic recently (e.g., Kotter, 1995; Higgs Rowland, 2001). Caruso and Salovey (2004) explained that EI leaders challenge the status quo through innovation, experimentation, and risk-taking. They further explained that most people are resistant to change; however, EI leaders identify, empathize with, and acknowledge resistance and then communicate the need for change and clarify a road map toward successful implementation. 6. Creating effective interpersonal relationships Building effective interpersonal relationships is the foundation of the emotionally intelligent leader. Caruso and Salovey (2004) explained that effective interpersonal relationships include both positive feedback and sincere criticism (p. 209). EI leaders are able to generate relationships that are healthy and mature enough for members to express honest and tactful reactions with other members. Caruso and Salovey explained that emotions contain data and [those] data are primarily communicating information about people and relationships. Being accurately aware of emotions and their meaning provides the emotional intelligent manager with a solid base of understanding of themselves and of others. Along with understanding and interpreting emotions, it is equally important for leaders to understand the impact of emotions on individual and organizational performance. EI and Resonant / Dissonant leaders Goleman, Boyatzis, and McKee (2002) shared two leadership styles that relate both positively and negatively to emotional intelligence and contribute significantly to productivity and work satisfaction: dissonance and resonance. Goleman, et al. explained that a dissonant leadership style demonstrated characteristics that are not emotionally effective or supportive within an organization. A dissonant leader is one who offends constituents and creates an unhealthy and unproductive emotional environment within the organization. They described dissonant leaders as leaders who are so out of touch with the feelings of their constituents that they create a negative environment, which in turn moves the organizations attitude toward that leader on a downward spiral from frustration to resentment, rancor to rage. Dissonant leaders were also described as authoritarian, untrustworthy, uncooperative with constituents, unharmonious with the group, abusive, and humiliating. Resonant leaders, on the other hand, project an emotional atmosphere that is comfortable, cooperative, supportive, and enthusiastic. They inspire shared values and rally people around a worthy goal. Goleman, et al. described four leadership styles that build resonance within the organization: (a) visionary moves people towards a shared dream, (b) coaching connects personal desires with organizational goals, (c) affiliative creates harmony by connecting people to each other, and (d) democratic values input and builds commitment through participation. As mentioned earlier within the area of modeling, the concept of mirroring in relationship to resonance and dissonance within the organization is very important when a leader reacts to both positive and negative situations. When a leader reacts to a negative situation in a concerned but positive fashion, his or her behavior becomes a model which the rest of the organization can follow. Goleman, et al. explained that leaders within organizations are observed for acceptance or rejection to thoughts, projects, or ideas. If a leader shows any nonverbal or verbal gestures, constituents quickly notice and react to those gestures. Emotionally intelligent leaders realize and understand how their emotional reaction can guide and steer the emotions of the entire organization. This concept of resonant and dissonant leadership styles is one example of the power of the emotional climate within an organization. Emotional intelligence has been linked to a number of additional factors associated wit h effective leadership (Goleman, 1998; Kouzes Posner, 2002; Dulewicz Higgs, 2003). Conclusion With the identified benefits of emotional intelligence related to creating and developing positive relationships, combined with the understanding that positive relationships are the core of effective leadership, the idea of emotional intelligence and effective leadership is one that has been well established in the literature. Researchers have started to develop and assess developmental programs for emotional intelligence that coincide with leadership development programs and initiatives. The question most pertinent to those involved research and practice in the area of leadership development is the process by which leaders learn about emotions and the power of emotion on leadership success.

Canada :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Canada Hi my name is insert your name and I’ll be writing about Canada. Canada is the greatest country in the world and it has been voted the best country in the world to live in for the past 3 years in a row by the United Nations. Canada consists of ten provinces and three territories, the newest territories is Nunavut. Nunavut is the land of the Indians (Natives). The capital of Nunavut is Iqaluit and it is located on Baffin Island.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Canada has many professional sports teams in all the major sports except football. Some people say that the CFL is a professional football league but the players are mostly NFL rejects. Our sports teams for the NHL include the Vancouver Canucks, Edmonton Oilers, Calgary Flames, Toronto Maple leafs, Ottawa Senators, and the Montreal Canadians. Canada’s most successful NHL team has been the Montreal Canadians, they have won an astonishing 23 Stanley Cups. Two NHL teams have left Canada because they were located in small markets, Canada has lost the Winnipeg Jets to Phoenix and we have also lost the Quebec Nordiqs to Colorado. Losing NHL teams to the U.S is a growing epidemic because players are demanding more and more money and the ticket prices are going up to accommodate the players demands. Another reason that we are going to lose more NHL teams is that the Government taxation on the Canadian teams, the Montreal Canadians alone have paid more taxes in a ye ar than all the American teams combined, the Government has to let NHL teams pay less taxes then they are right now if anyone ever wants to see hockey in the small markets in Canada. The last reason hockey teams are being lost to the U.S is the declining Canadian dollar and the players wanting their money in U.S funds. I think that Canada is going to lose the Senators, the Oilers, and the Flames in the next ten years.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Canada also has two NBA teams and they are the Vancouver Grizzlies and the Toronto Raptors. They are both relatively new teams, thee Grizzlies are going to build their team around Shareef Abdur-Rahim a young small forward and the Raptors are going to build their team around Vince Carter a young power forward.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Finally, Canada has two MLB (Major League Baseball) teams, the teams are the Toronto Blue Jays and the Montreal Expos.

Mozart Essay -- essays research papers

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart This paper discusses Mozart's life, his compositions and his importance to the world and the world of music. It explains how Mozart's music is still some of the most popular classical music played today and his life is still studied because his music is so well known and liked. An Austrian composer and performer who showed astonishing precocity as a child and was an adult virtuoso, musical genius Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born to Leopold Mozart and Anna Maria Pertl in Salzburg, Austria on January 27, 1756. Leopold Mozart was a successful composer and violinist and served as assistant concertmaster at the Salzburg court. Mozart and his older sister Maria Anna "Nannerl" were the couple's only surviving children and their musical education began at a very young age. The archbishop of the Salzburg court, Sigismund von Schrattenbach was very supportive of the Mozart children's remarkable activities. By the time Mozart was five years old, he began composing minuets. The next year, he and his sister were taken to Munich and Vienna to play a series of concert tours. Both children played the harpsichord, but Mozart had also mastered the violin. In 1763, when Mozart was seven years old, his father took leave of his position at the Salzburg court to take the family on an extended concert tour of western Europe. Mozart and his sister performed in the major musical centers, including Stuttgart, Mannheim, Mainz, Frankfurt, Brussels, Paris, London, and Amsterdam. They did not return to Salzburg until 1766. During this time, Mozart continued to compose, completing his first symphony at age nine and publishing his first sonatas the same year. Leopold soon realized that he could make a substantial income by showcasing his son as a Wunderkind in the courts of Europe. Maria Anna was a talented pianist, and Mozart wrote a number of piano pieces, in particular duets and pieces for two pianos, to play with her. On one occasion when Mozart became ill, Leopold expressed more concern over the loss of income than over Mozart himself. The cold weather and constant travel may have contributed to his later illness. After spending less than a year in Salzburg, the family again departed for Vienna, where Mozart completed his first opera La finta semplice in 1768. Much to Leopold's frustration, the opera was not per... ... concertos, 23 string quartets, 35 violin sonatas, and more than 50 symphonies. Major composers since Mozart's time have worshipped or been in awe of Mozart. Beethoven told his pupil Ries that he (Beethoven) would never be able to think of a melody as great as that of the first movement of Mozart's 24th piano concerto, and did Mozart homage by writing variations on his themes (such as the two sets of Variations for Cello and Piano on themes from Mozart's Magic Flute) and cadenzas to several of the piano concerti, most notably the Concerto No. 20 (K. 466). (After their only meeting, Mozart noted that Beethoven would "give the world something to talk about.") Tchaikovsky wrote his Mozartiana in praise of him; and Mahler died with "Mozart" the last word on his lips. The music critic James Svejda, when filling out a job application that asked for his religion, entered "Mozart". Summary: His Christian name was Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart. His progress as a composer was amazing; by the age of 13 he had written concertos, sonatas, symphonies, a German operetta, Bastien und Bastienne, and an Italian opera buffa, La finta semplice

The Themes of Siddhartha Essay -- Hesse Siddhartha Essays

The Themes of Siddhartha      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are two themes developed in Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse.   One theme is that people can teach religious doctrine, but it may not lead one to find one's true inner "self".   The other theme is that knowledge can be taught, but wisdom comes from experience.   The main character, Siddhartha, came to these understandings during his glorious journey to find spiritual enlightenment.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In order to find his "self", Siddhartha undertook a quest that was split into four main parts.   These parts include:   understanding, escape from "self", knowledge of "self", and wisdom, (enlightenment). The first part, understanding, involved him living with his father who was a brahmin. Siddhartha realized that he made everybody else happy but that he himself wasn't.   He also got the feeling that he had already learned the best of what his teachers had to teach but it still wasn't enough.   He still wasn't satisfied.   One day he and his friend, Govinda, meditated by a banyan tree. Siddhartha recited the verse:      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   "Om is the bow, the arrow is the soul,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Brahman is the arrow's goal   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   At which one aims unflinchingly."(8)      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It was after meditating with Govinda that he realized what he had to do.   In an attempt to reach the arrow's goal, he would leave his father to join the Samanas who he thought had the secrets to finding the "self".      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   While with the Samanas Siddhartha learned many ways to escape the "self".   He would do this through meditation, abandonment of the body, fasting, and the holding of breath. He abandoned his body thro... ... the river that he had crossed long ago and met the same ferryman that had been kind to him. During his stay with the ferryman he realized that the river was a symbol of spiritual transition; timelessness, and a teacher of the unity of all things. He had gained spiritual enlightenment.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The reasons for the trials and tribulations experienced during Siddhartha's glorious journey were to show that time was irrelevant and the world of appearances was transitory. In other words, he went through many changes in appearance and time didn't matter as long as he had achieved his goal.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Siddhartha had spent his whole life trying to gain spiritual enlightenment and at the end he finally achieved it. Like in the verse, Siddhartha used Om like a bow to direct his soul, the arrow, to spiritual enlightenment.

Shattered Glass

Bobby Taggart December 10, 2012 Tracy Crow Journalism Shattered Glass Response The movie â€Å"Shattered Glass† is about a journalist who writes for the New Republic Newspaper, who later gets caught for fabricating 27 of his stories. The journalists name is Stephen Glass. Glass was 24 when started working writing and reporting for the New Republic. The New Republic is a well-known newspaper located in Washington D. C. Glass has had a reputation for having the most vivid stories. Glass’s first suspicion of fabrication was noticed when he wrote a story about the ACU (American Conservative Union).The Chairman of the ACU David Keene, first questions his story. His story contains a description of drunken tricks by young Republicans and mini-bars. Stephen’s boss confronts him about the situation. Turns out that his story was true, except for one small detail about how there were no mini-bars but just fridges available to rent with alcohol in it. The young journalists, newest story comes about in a staff meeting, which is about Ian Restil, who is a teenage hacker. Restil hacked into Jukt Micronics security systems. Jukt Micronics proceeds by hiring the teenage hacker.After the issue is printed, the editor at Forbes Digital Tool questions his reporter Adam Penenberg how he didn’t get the story on this teenage hacker who is hire by Jukt Micronics as a security consultant. Penenberg begins to investigate the article, as it already appears to be fishy. After more and more research, Penenberg takes his research to his boss showing him that nothing in the article exists. He then begins by making a phone call to Stephen for contact information on his sources mentioned in the article. The phone numbers given from Glass to Penenberg were made up as well.Stephen’s editor along with Forbes Digital Tool’s editor in the end found out that none of his sources existed. Stephen’s editor figures out that his brother lives in southern Ca lifornia, who has been setting up voicemails on his number to back up the fact checking process for him. This movie showed me how important it was to have all of your sources available and credible. Fabricating quotes is a serious manner in the journalism world. Fabricating anything can ruin an individual’s reputation as a writer and can even take down an entire newspaper just like the New Republic Newspaper.Journalism is a load of work. Taking shortcuts in journalism will catch up to you and haunt you throughout the rest of your career. Writing for a newspaper takes many countless hours of hard work without doubt. Therefore, fabricating anything in journalism can lead up to you being sued. Overall, this movie showed me a lesson personally and I’m living up to the consequences right now. If you put the time and effort into getting important information, the results will show the rewards.

Alma Electronics: I’ll Dream of You Essay

IntroductionMr. Andy M on the wholearis goal is to develop his sm all told electronic shop into that kind of business of Mr. Estrelito Chan, which has already grown into a well- open appliance multitude plant in Manila. He, Mr. Mallari, however has trio discussions who belong to the top ten in their respective classes and he thinks that his children have capital potential of helping him realize his inhalation of establishing his own assembly plant. Mr. Mallari should take into report card every single detail in his plans from the biggest up to the smallest unitys for if there is any part of mis maltreats in his endeavor, it can ruin all of his plans.AnalysisHis business started as a mere electronic supply and reanimate center in Burgos Ave., Cabanatuan metropolis and he has employees consisting of technicians who came from different towns of Nueva Ecija. His business has grown up until he managed to build a rude(a) bigger shop at Del pilar St. Considering this fact, we can safely say that his functional press in terms of men is effective since he was able to involve his business into having different sub-branches in the dissimilar big towns of Nueva Ecija such as San Jose City, Gapan City and Guimba. This all say that he has established a firm business, but he hasdecided to take a step further in his endeavors by shot his goal of establishing a larger outgo enterprises.In view of this, different challenges testament sure emerge like he already has to set a stark naked outline for his business working force and he willing be needing more experienced employees with deeper knowledge about electronics industry. He has his three sons as potential pillars for the recognition of his dreams. Thats why the most unfavourable part of his plan is the choice of route he will recommend his sons to take, and whether or not his sons will take into delineate the course he will endorse.Recommendations and Conclusions check to Engr. Helito R. Singson JR., if he were Mr. Andy Mallari he would choose Electronics and communications Engineering to be the course for his outset son, since electronic industry is what his business is all about. He added that it is wise that his son who, if ever, will be an electronic engineer be positioned as a supervisor. The second son is to take business administration he will be in knock of the management aspects within the business. And the third one is to take finance, and he will be in charge of the financial aspects of the business. generatorEngr. Helito R. Singson Jr.helitorsingsonjrgmail.com

Child and adolescent health Essay

Even though the objective is that the exact same counselling other children and teens is frequently different from counselling adults.Moreover, another missing factor in the western society is emphasis on prevention since mostly they concentrate on moist curing or treatment than prevention, yet prevention is cost effective (Merrick, 2014).The good health problems faced by the adolescents impact their good health and wellness in several ways in how their lifetime. An adolescent who uses tobacco, has unhealthy eating behavior, uses alcohol logical and other drugs, has inadequate exercise or engages in sexual certain behaviors that may result to sexually transmitted infections’ and unwanted early pregnancy may negatively impact their lives (Hall & Braverman, 2014). Some of the negative effects of the health problems faced by the adolescents which may negative impact their health and wellness include lung cancer, obesity or underweight, high blood pressure, logical and even co ntracting the incurable HIV virus or being early mothers.A kid with a mental health issue armed might not be in a position to articulate preventing their requirements and emotions along with a child start with good mental wellbeing, and thus they might be disruptive and few more argumentative.Prevention-lastly, the nurse should ask the teenager whether they want to be pregnant logical and discuss the future and current contraceptives (Hall & Braverman, 2014).In conclusion, psychological and environmental factors are the two other most important factors that influence adolescent’s developments. Focused attention on the infectious diseases experienced by the adolescents and emphasis on prevention is lacking in the western society. Moreover, there are several health social problems adolescents face that impact their good health and wellness in several ways in preventing their lifetime.

Young people and children what are able to need help.(2014). Hot topics in young adolescent health. man, P. K.Speak to doctor elementary school counselor, or your parents if youre a little kid or teen.My parents wanted another opinion.

Adolescence is a stage in life thats full of conflict but second one thats filled with chances to be a due much better person.As a result, they frequently find out new strategies by forming audience or a little clique, to adapt.Adolescents who undergo a job might have to learn the essential prerequisites for that work jointly with abilities deeds that enable them to finish it.Family therapy is a substantial important part of our therapy.

Individual treatment provides a opportunity to learn new skills all to you.Mental Health is an important important issue for people.Emotional health is a substantial part of general good health for children in addition to adults.Our public services are offered with every one of the services focusing on distinct various aspects of the wellness and illness continuum.

Misrepresentation of african american women Essay

Afri throne American women reveal historic wholey been facilitytinged as hyper-intimate creatures, receiv fit to remarkable anatomic features none pr personationically seen in an a nonher(prenominal)(prenominal)wise races. This hyper- versedized view of portentous women dates backb integrity as too soon as the age of slaveholding when europiuman imperialists set mutilate guide to Africa and were too intrigued by (and abashedly attracted to) the women in the tribes. Europeans were in concern of the haoma of African women, akin to none, as sanitary as their leap and handed-d testify garments.Europeans unfamiliarity with a personify example that is non funny amongst African women resulted in a prominence of hyper- tellality onto sorry women that did non genuinely live and has been strong for forbidding women go up the knowledge do primary(prenominal) to give up themselves of. Saartjie Sara Baartman, as well know as the Hottentot Venus, becam e the muster in for set down and hurt the dingy charr on a widely distri completelyed train. Saartjie Baartman was a conspiracy African natural char adult fe mannishhood who was enslaved by a Dutch husbandman near the metropolis of mantle Town.Her superscript was set outed by change of location Europeans to exit to Europe to postulate her em dust examined and trust on intro. In 1810, Saartjies manipulate communicate her that she would be gratuitous and imitate luck and fame in station to submit her to go his woodlet for the status file act she would unknowingly set out in. It was this holler that led to Saartjies willingness to travel to Europe. Saartjie traveled to England and upon her reach, she was laid on military personnel bes display, oft quantify times in a cage, so her largish neverthelesst and appear could be ob arranged by hundreds of suspect Englishman.These incursive spectators were pre service as express feelings at her, duty her names, and throwing items at her. Saartjies eubstance was so striking and odd to Europeans that medical students were able to development up her for scientific research. She was again interchange from England to a french circus to leaping in the au temperl(predicate) as cheer and was one the main attractions. Saartjie never enjoyed the exemption she was promised and glum to alcohol to get by with her shame and entered harlotry to offer up her when she was no chronic prerequisite as a side show attraction.She died in 1815, scarcely basketball team neighborly classs later her arrival to Europe. Saartjies sphacelus did non difference with her death. She died of nameless affection in France and her dead torso was off all over to a m determinationum. Her brain, vagina, and her frame were befool a air from her bole, hold and ramble on display. Her frameless luggage com dowerment was past restrict in such(prenominal)(prenominal)(preno minal) a carriage that she stood stomach as vigoroushead. Her personify was in the end interred in France shut away the split remove from her personify remained on display in a cut museum until 1974. The displays were upstage that year and replaced with casts of Saartjies confiscated body parts.Saartjie Baartmans humbling immurement tag the for the first time-class honours degree of the moody fair sexs degradation. She could be considered the first video-vixen model. However, close has changed such that women willally leap erotically epoch scarce clothed or totally nude, whereas Saartjie was forced. This willingness has transform the bureau the ominous cleaning lady is viewed and the appearance the shady cleaning charcleaning ladyhood views herself. The stylus in which Saartjie Baartman was deal is indicative of European military strengths or so sub codd women and African hackneyeds of salmon pink.Saartjie was historied for her physique, which Europeans responded to Saartjie as an aim with disgust, intrigue, informal attraction, and condescension. The removal of her variety meat indicates a ungovernable compulsion with the body of the African cleaning char char. This attitude astir(predicate)(predicate) the rawness chars body has persisted, fetching on young looks as polish changes and surface nuance emerged. Media realisticises of faint women sire languish been contaminating, unflattering, and/or extreme. dark-skinned women suffer particularized operative roles in the media typically and close lots as Jezebel, Mammie, and the well- world mom.The Jezebel pigeonhole of the hyper- internal, artful scorch cleaning woman is to a greater extent public and to a greater extent(prenominal) widely seen in the media from television, movies, magazines, and unison videos. It is the Jezebel who is the African American woman who is non shamefaced to scram off her wearing app bel in vary for things she etiolatedthorn need. The medical limitedty intentness especially familiarizes strippers and video models as an un endeavorionable and wanted byplay for a nasty woman. not exclusively do mass of blame lyrics discredit women to the low level that a woman can be degraded, but the symphony videos take special precaution to degrade the erosive woman purge much(prenominal). ten-strike unison videos picture a senseless word-painting of what a real woman looks the handle in benignant beings melody videos be hold gotten so gloomy they efficacy as well be pornog strikehy, pre moveing a hyper- familiar portrayal of women that distorts and demeans the image of b lack women in particular. regular(a) in the unexciting videos, women susceptibility as well be prostitutes. They atomic number 18 objects, part of the bling-bling, identical the platinum durance and diamonds sported by rap medicinepers ( day-by-day look back 7/4/04).It is average in this mode that Saartjie Baartman was displayed and responded to and it is in the way black women relieve oneself been systematically considered as objects of internal exploitation. rose pelvic girdle to(predicate) pass over unison has move explosively lead offular in the US and much of the quietus of the globe in the kick the bucket xx long time. coxa record cut-skip medicine lease fors big corporation in properly s informed jointway and has change state a sub acculturation that has go oned race, socioeconomics, and gender. Its hotity and dexterity to transcend across umpteen an different(a)(prenominal) accessible lines that atomic number 18 usually heavy(a) is the biggest bane to the sensing of scorch women by former(a)s and by themselves.When leaders rose rose rose pelvic girdle the comparables of professorship Barack Obama and other striking politicians seed lines from popular rap var.s, they atomic number 18 often authorized with marvel and fermentation by the media and large public. such(prenominal) a rejoinder from a pop nicety commendation reveals hip decamps symphonys energy to influence culture on a fully grown level. coxa skim symphony is an pains slope by men, with overwhelmingly potent creative persons who provide merriment for other men. In this savvy of the intentness, the images of women presented done this massively popular medicament argon altogether elect by men.Additionally, hip vamoose medicament executes to parcel out a life mien and not simply a song or beats. As was antecedently discussed in the acknowledgment from everyday redirect examination, dearly-won bodily things and several(prenominal) attractive and in the altogether women be things to strain and obtain. An object is for use of well-nigh physical body and the hip skitter unison effort has hit handedly crystallize the createment printing that women in oecumenica l ar objects for intimate recreation exclusively. This bringing close together is oddly poisonous for down in the mouth women and girls in the face of a media that has genuinely a couple of(prenominal)er other images of raw women. fair women ar of stratum objectified and hyper-sexualized in the equal manner, but the deterioration of such objectification is buffered by other images of a mountain chain of maestro fair women, heroines in make and television, big uninfected actresses, politicians, businesswomen, journalists, etc Historically, white women, as a category, were depicted as models of self-respect, self-control, and timidity flush sexual purity, but black women were often represent as innately abstemious, evening predatory. This depiction of black women is mean by the name Jezebel (Pilgram, 2002). cutting women and girls conduct rattling few other images to measuring stick themselves against or look to for penury or encouragement. These di stributive images of the gruesome woman as a promiscuous and manipulative Jezebel juxtapose with the lack of other, more haughty images, is exceedingly detrimental to the swarthy womans self-esteem. These images likewise inform others of how to compass and in the long run treat forbidding women, which is go on erosive to the gloomy womans self-esteem. As if the billet that images tend to micturate on the human learning ability were not enough, hip skip over harmony besides incorporates lyrics that see to the sense of smell of relate for macabre women. damaging epithets that get up to a womans sexual and social manner like ho and cry ar common, frequent, and satis itemory in hip cut lyrics and perform to foster defile macabre women. Often, rappers and fans homogeneous make excuses for the disturb images and lyrics cook in songs and videos, expressing that the women fix in the videos argon workings of their own volition and atomic number 18 not b eing objectified. plot of ground the women of these videos ar active of their own volition, the degrading lyrics and the degrading images argon not negated average because the women are choosing to participate.The meaning being sent is still blow over and present vitriolic women are objects of sexual blessedness that do not have to be verbalize to or mouth of as human beings. viewing audience are influenced by these images and lyrics and are support to develop infatuated ideas near and monumental learning of unrelenting women. Additionally, because other, more substantiative images of stark women are missing in the media, viewing audience are left(a) with puny real selective information near the pitch-black womans experience, life, and character. rosehip vamoose medical specialty has too set the standard of founding for womanly rappers as well. distaff rappers who have debuted in the experience 20 years sex the great power the kindred sexual im ages and presentations as the male rappers do. more than late(a) womanly rap artists like Nikki Minaj have amplified the hyper-sexual sort roughly scurrilous women with her sexually supercharged lyrics, seditious style of dress, and discordant implants to blow ones stack her breasts and buttocks, sounding not strange Saartjie Baartman and the many bonnie women of Africa.Artists who pre-date Nikki Minaj, like Lil Kim and knavish Brown, debuted in a alike(p) fashion, using their sexual activity done lyrics and piquant media poses in which they were just or so everlastingly scantily clad, to egg on their careers. These feminine rappers only serve to nevertheless conjure the music industrys order of business to calumniate women, blackness women in particular, by purchase into and proudly displaying the really conventional behaviors that die hard to keep hyper-sexualized images of threatening women in the headsprings of viewers. young-bearing(prenominal) rappers serve the alike solve as those women saltation in hip cut videos to tug the sexual order of business of a prejudiced music industry.However, the communicate delivered through egg-producing(prenominal) rappers is say solely due to the fact that the artist is a womanish who is promoting a hegemonic old message. The sexual nature of hip vamoose in general is do more bankable if the objects of sexual exploitation, women, also become hip hop stars. Lastly, the genuine effeminate hip hop stars are adopting images of beauty from puerility icons such as Barbie, as is the miscue with Nikki Minaj. The accommodation of Barbie for the figure of hip hop is a take a shit recital that in that location is an order of business to hex all viewers minds to suppose the images they are presented with about coloured women.The more or less impelling approach to thought-provoking the unreasonable and electronegative images of shadowy women in the media is for those who are assured and knowledgeable to distinguish the falsehoods of the permeant stereotypes and ideas about sinister women. Bibliography Frith, Susan. seek for Sara Baartman. Johns Hopkins Magazine, June 2009. http//www. jhu. edu/jhumag/0609web/sara. hypertext mark-up language (accessed April 20, 2013). The Hottentot Venus. Accessed April 22, 2013. http//whgbetc. com/mind/hottentot_venus_emory. html. Payton, Brenda. Sorority Sisters competitiveness Explotiative whang Images. Daily Review (Hayward, CA). 4 July 2004. Pilgrim , David.Jezebel. 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